Generación de residuos sólidos en el Mercado Belén de Iquitos, Perú
Solid waste generation in the Belén Market of Iquitos, PeruBarra lateral del artículo
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La gestión de residuos sólidos en mercados tradicionales es un desafío crítico para la salud pública y la sostenibilidad urbana, particularmente en ciudades en desarrollo donde la evidencia local es escasa. El objetivo fue caracterizar cuantitativamente la generación de residuos sólidos en el Mercado Belén de Iquitos durante 2024, diferenciando entre puestos interiores y exteriores. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se empleó muestreo probabilístico estratificado y pesaje gravimétrico directo en 105 puestos para cuantificar la generación diaria. Los resultados revelaron una heterogeneidad espacial significativa. La generación en puestos exteriores fue ocho veces mayor que en interiores, con una composición predominante de residuos orgánicos (81%), lo que evidenció una marcada variabilidad según la ubicación. Se concluye que la generación de residuos es espacialmente heterogénea, demandando estrategias de gestión diferenciadas y focalizadas que prioricen la valorización de la fracción orgánica para una gestión más eficiente y circular.
The management of solid waste in traditional markets is a critical challenge for public health and urban sustainability, particularly in developing cities where local evidence is scarce. The objective was to quantitatively characterize solid waste generation in the Belén Market of Iquitos during 2024, differentiating between indoor and outdoor stalls. An observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted. Stratified probabilistic sampling and direct gravimetric weighing in 105 stalls were employed to quantify daily generation. The results revealed significant spatial heterogeneity. Generation in outdoor stalls was eight times higher than in indoor stalls, with a predominant composition of organic waste (81%), demonstrating marked variability according to location. It is concluded that waste generation is spatially heterogeneous, demanding differentiated and focused management strategies that prioritize the valorization of the organic fraction for more efficient and circular management.
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