Participación ciudadana en gestión de riesgos ambientales municipales: dimensiones, tipologías y efectividad en contextos latinoamericanos
Citizen participation in municipal environmental risk management: dimensions, typologies, and effectiveness in latin american contextsBarra lateral del artículo
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Objetivo: Analizar las dimensiones constitutivas de la participación ciudadana en gestión de riesgos ambientales por gobiernos locales en América Latina mediante una sistematización teórico-conceptual. Metodología: Revisión sistemática de literatura especializada (2004-2025) utilizando bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO y Redalyc. Se analizaron 60 referencias académicas mediante análisis interpretativo en tres fases: delimitación conceptual, análisis dimensional y análisis contextual-relacional. Resultados: Se identificó una estructura multidimensional compuesta por tres dimensiones fundamentales: institucional-normativa (bases jurídicas, arquitectura institucional, continuidad temporal), procedimental-operativa (ciclo participativo, mecanismos, herramientas tecnológicas) y relacional-política (diversidad de actores, calidad deliberativa, incidencia efectiva). El 76.6% de las publicaciones corresponde al período 2016-2025, evidenciando creciente interés académico. Conclusiones: La participación ciudadana en gestión de riesgos ambientales municipales constituye un constructo multidimensional que requiere integración de elementos institucionales, procedimentales y relacionales para su efectividad. Se propone una tipología de configuraciones participativas que contribuye al desarrollo teórico del campo y orienta la investigación empírica futura.
Objective: To analyze the constitutive dimensions of citizen participation in environmental risk management by local governments in Latin America through a theoretical-conceptual systematization. Methodology: Systematic review of specialized literature (2004-2025) using Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO and Redalyc databases. 60 academic references were analyzed through interpretative analysis in three phases: conceptual delimitation, dimensional analysis and contextual-relational analysis. Results: A multidimensional structure composed of three fundamental dimensions was identified: institutional-normative (legal frameworks, institutional architecture, temporal continuity), procedural-operative (participatory cycle, mechanisms, technological tools) and relational-political (actor diversity, deliberative quality, effective influence). 76.6% of publications correspond to the 2016-2025 period, evidencing growing academic interest. Conclusions: Citizen participation in municipal environmental risk management constitutes a multidimensional construct that requires integration of institutional, procedural and relational elements for its effectiveness. A typology of participatory configurations is proposed that contributes to the theoretical development of the field and guides future empirical research.
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