Inorganic fertilization and yield of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) capsule variety in Cajabamba, Huacrachuco
Fertilización inorgánica y rendimiento de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) variedad capsula en Cajabamba, HuacrachucoMain Article Content
Context: The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a crop of high nutritional and economic significance, whose yield can be enhanced through the appropriate application of inorganic fertilization. Under specific agroecological conditions, it is essential to evaluate fertilization doses that promote productivity and optimize crop development. Objective: To evaluate the effect of inorganic fertilization on the yield of the 'Cápsula' variety common bean under the agroecological conditions of Cajabamba, Huacrachuco. Methodology: This research was an applied, experimental study using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments and four replicates, totaling 16 experimental units. The population consisted of 2,496 bean plants, and the sample comprised 30 plants from the net experimental area, selected via simple random sampling. The evaluated variables were the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, seed weight per net experimental area, and yield per hectare. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Results: Treatment T2, corresponding to the 40-80-40 dose, achieved the best results, with 11.88 pods per plant, 4.28 seeds per pod, a 100-seed weight of 65 g, and 0.84 kg per net experimental area, equivalent to 4,687.5 kg/ha. Significant statistical differences were observed between the fertilization doses and the control group. Conclusions: Inorganic fertilization significantly influenced bean yield, highlighting treatment T2 as the most efficient alternative to enhance crop productivity under the evaluated conditions.
Contexto: El frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) es un cultivo de importancia alimentaria y económica, cuyo rendimiento puede mejorar mediante el uso adecuado de fertilización inorgánica. En condiciones agroecológicas específicas, resulta necesario evaluar dosis de fertilización que favorezcan la productividad y optimicen el desarrollo del cultivo. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la fertilización inorgánica sobre el rendimiento del cultivo de frijol variedad cápsula en condiciones agroecológicas de Cajabamba, Huacrachuco. Metodología: La investigación fue de tipo aplicada, de nivel experimental, bajo un Diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar (DBCA), con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones, conformando 16 unidades experimentales. La población estuvo constituida por 2.496 plantas de frijol y la muestra por 30 plantas del área neta experimental, seleccionadas mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Las variables evaluadas fueron número de vainas por planta, granos por vaina, peso de 100 granos, peso de granos por área neta experimental y rendimiento por hectárea. Los datos fueron analizados mediante ANDEVA y prueba de Rangos Múltiples de Duncan. Resultados: El tratamiento T2, correspondiente a la dosis 40-80-40, obtuvo los mejores resultados, con 11,88 vainas por planta, 4,28 granos por vaina, 65 g en peso de 100 granos y 0,84 kg por área neta experimental, equivalente a 4.687,5 kg/ha. Se evidenciaron diferencias estadísticas significativas entre las dosis de fertilización y el testigo. Conclusiones: La fertilización inorgánica influyó significativamente en el rendimiento del frijol, destacando el tratamiento T2 como la alternativa más eficiente para mejorar la productividad del cultivo en las condiciones evaluadas.
Downloads
Article Details
Gobierno Regional de Huánuco. Plan Estratégico Institucional 2024-2028 del Gobierno Regional Huánuco. Huánuco: Gobierno Regional de Huánuco; 2024. https://datos.regionhuanuco.gob.pe/publico/PEI%202024-2028%20GORE%20HUANUCO%20FINAL_27jun2024%20RER%20350.pdf
Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. IV Censo Nacional Agropecuario 2012: resultados definitivos. Lima: INEI; 2013. https://proyectos.inei.gob.pe/web/DocumentosPublicos/ResultadosFinalesIVCENAGRO.pdf
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. World Pulses Day. Rome: FAO; s.f. https://www.fao.org/world-pulses-day/en
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Pulses: nutritious seeds for a sustainable future. Rome: FAO; 2016. https://www.fao.org/3/i5528e/i5528e.pdf
Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria. El cultivo del frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en la costa del Perú. Lima: INIA; 2001. https://repositorio.inia.gob.pe/items/f957e8cf-412b-4fd5-a929-98cc85747427
Vásquez García J, Vilca Valqui NC. Manual de manejo agronómico de frijol en regiones andinas. Lima: Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria; 2023. https://repositorio.inia.gob.pe/items/8939522f-b00b-490f-bb3b-b4039df15527
Broughton WJ, Hernández G, Blair M, Beebe S, Gepts P, Vanderleyden J. Beans (Phaseolus spp.)—model food legumes. Plant Soil. 2003;252:55-128. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024146710611
Graham PH, Vance CP. Legumes: importance and constraints to greater use. Plant Physiol. 2003;131(3):872-877. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.017004
Beebe SE, Rao IM, Blair MW, Acosta-Gallegos JA. Phenotyping common beans for adaptation to drought. Front Physiol. 2013;4:35. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2013.00035
Porch TG, Beaver JS, Debouck DG, Jackson SA, Kelly JD, Dempewolf H. Use of wild relatives and closely related species to adapt common bean to climate change. Agronomy. 2013;3(2):433-461. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy3020433
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical. Morfología de la planta de frijol común. Cali: CIAT; 1984. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/81884
Marschner P, editor. Marschner's Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 3rd ed. London: Academic Press; 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2009-0-63043-9
Fageria NK, Baligar VC, Jones CA. Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Field Crops. 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2011. https://doi.org/10.1201/b10160
Hayat I, Ahmad A, Masud T, Ahmed A, Bashir S. Nutritional and health perspectives of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): an overview. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2014;54(5):580-592. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2011.596639
Messina V. Nutritional and health benefits of dried beans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;100 Suppl 1:437S-442S. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.071472
Pujolà M, Farreras A, Casañas F. Protein and starch content of raw, soaked and cooked beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Food Chem. 2007;102(4):1034-1041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.06.039
Bessada SMF, Barreira JCM, Oliveira MBPP. Pulses and food security: dietary protein, digestibility, bioactive and functional properties. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2019;93:53-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2019.08.022
White PJ, Broadley MR. Biofortification of crops with seven mineral elements often lacking in human diets. New Phytol. 2009;182(1):49-84. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02738.x
Epstein E, Bloom AJ. Mineral Nutrition of Plants: Principles and Perspectives. 2nd ed. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates; 2005. https://global.oup.com/academic/product/mineral-nutrition-of-plants-9780878931729
Taiz L, Zeiger E, Møller IM, Murphy A. Plant Physiology and Development. 6th ed. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates; 2015. https://global.oup.com/academic/product/plant-physiology-and-development-9781605357454
Havlin JL, Tisdale SL, Nelson WL, Beaton JD. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers: An Introduction to Nutrient Management. 8th ed. Boston: Pearson; 2014. https://www.pearson.com/en-us/subject-catalog/p/soil-fertility-and-fertilizers/P200000006651
Buttery BR, Park SJ, Findlay WI. Growth and yield of white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in response to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and to inoculation with Rhizobium. Can J Plant Sci. 1987;67(2):425-432. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps87-061
Chekanai V, Chikowo R, Vanlauwe B. Response of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to nitrogen, phosphorus and rhizobia inoculation across variable soils in Zimbabwe. Agric Ecosyst Environ. 2018;266:167-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.08.010
Reinprecht Y, Schram L, Marsolais F, Smith TH, Hill B, Pauls KP. Effects of nitrogen application on nitrogen fixation in common bean production. Front Plant Sci. 2020;11:1172. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01172
Zamukulu PM, Bagula EM, Mondo JM, Chuma GB, Safina FB, Cishesa TH, et al. Optimization of plant density and fertilizer application to improve biofortified common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield on Nitisols of South-Kivu, Eastern D.R. Congo. Heliyon. 2023;9(6):e17293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293
Duncan DB. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics. 1955;11(1):1-42. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478
Gomez KA, Gomez AA. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley; 1984. https://books.google.com/books?id=PVNQAQAAMAAJ
Montgomery DC. Design and Analysis of Experiments. 10th ed. Hoboken: Wiley; 2019. https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Design+and+Analysis+of+Experiments%2C+10th+Edition-p-9781119492443
Steel RGD, Torrie JH, Dickey DA. Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1997. https://search.worldcat.org/title/36245767
Schwartz HF, Pastor-Corrales MA, editors. Bean Production Problems in the Tropics. 2nd ed. Cali: CIAT; 1989. http://ciat-library.ciat.cgiar.org/Articulos_Ciat/biblioteca/Bean_Production_Problems_in_the_Tropics.pdf
Lisciani S, Marconi S, Le Donne C, Camilli E, Aguzzi A, Gabrielli P, et al. Legumes and common beans in sustainable diets: nutritional quality, environmental benefits, spread and use in food preparations. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1385232. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1385232
Celmeli T, Sari H, Canci H, Sari D, Adak A, Eker T, et al. The Nutritional Content of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Landraces in Comparison to Modern Varieties. Agronomy. 2018;8(9):166. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8090166
Nchanji EB, Ageyo OC. Do Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Promote Good Health in Humans? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical and Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients. 2021;13(11):3701. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113701
Karavidas I, Ntatsi G, Vougeleka V, Karkanis A, Ntanasi T, Saitanis C, et al. Agronomic Practices to Increase the Yield and Quality of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): A Systematic Review. Agronomy. 2022;12(2):271. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020271
Zamukulu PM, Bagula EM, Mondo JM, Chuma GB, Safina FB, Cishesa TH, et al. Optimization of plant density and fertilizer application to improve biofortified common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield on Nitisols of South-Kivu, Eastern D.R. Congo. Heliyon. 2023;9(6):e17293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293
Chekanai V, Chikowo R, Vanlauwe B. Response of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to nitrogen, phosphorus and rhizobia inoculation across variable soils in Zimbabwe. Agric Ecosyst Environ. 2018;266:167-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.08.010
Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva. Repositorio Institucional UNAS. Tingo María: UNAS; s.f. https://repositorio.unas.edu.pe/
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical. Frijol: investigación y producción. Cali: CIAT; 1985. http://ciat-library.ciat.cgiar.org/articulos_ciat/2015/14304.pdf
White JW, Valencia GCA, Gómez de Enciso C. Conceptos básicos de la fisiología del frijol. Cali: CIAT; 1988. https://cgspace.cgiar.org/items/a567e71f-bb61-4648-843e-ce9f75cbd43c
Díaz D A, Castillo L J. El riego del frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris) en CIAT. Cali: CIAT; 1982. https://cgspace.cgiar.org/items/b2ee43b9-368d-4fbf-bd87-57aae8f49de3
Soratto RP, Fernandes AM, Santos LA, Job ALG. Nutrient extraction and exportation by common bean cultivars under different fertilization levels: I-macronutrients. Rev Bras Cienc Solo. 2013;37(4):1027-1042. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-06832013000400020
Monteiro Filho AF, Coelho AP, Souza MFP, Bettiol JVT, Souza EFC, Lemos LB. Common bean yield responses to nitrogen fertilization in Brazilian no-till soils: a meta-analysis. Rev Bras Cienc Solo. 2022;46:e0220022. https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20220022
Mortinho ES, Jalal A, Oliveira CES, Fernandes GC, Buzetti S, Teixeira Filho MCM. Co-inoculations with plant growth-promoting bacteria in the common bean to increase efficiency of NPK fertilization. Agronomy. 2022;12(6):1325. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12061325
Barros RLN, Oliveira LB, Magalhães WB, Pimentel C. Growth and yield of common bean as affected by seed inoculation with rhizobium and nitrogen fertilization. Exp Agric. 2018;54(1):16-30. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479716000521